Gold Standards & Treatments
Condition & Management
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
• IV fluids: Normal saline (0.9% NaCl);
• Insulin therapy: Insulin glargine (Lantus), Insulin aspart (NovoLog) to lower blood glucose;
• Electrolyte monitoring: Monitor and replace potassium and other electrolytes as needed;
• Treat underlying cause: Identify and treat any precipitating factors such as infection.
• Insulin therapy: Insulin glargine (Lantus), Insulin aspart (NovoLog) to lower blood glucose;
• Electrolyte monitoring: Monitor and replace potassium and other electrolytes as needed;
• Treat underlying cause: Identify and treat any precipitating factors such as infection.
Supportive Care
Supportive care manages symptoms and maintains comfort while primary therapy targets the underlying cause.
Key Components
- Hydration: Oral/IV fluids as needed.
- Pain & Fever: Acetaminophen/NSAIDs as appropriate.
- Oxygen Therapy: For respiratory distress.
- Nutritional Support: Adequate intake; special diets when indicated.
- Monitoring: Vitals, O2 sat, early detection of deterioration.
- Rest: Encourage recovery.
- Manage Complications: e.g., dehydration, seizures, delirium.
In viral illnesses (e.g., where acyclovir/valacyclovir are used), supportive care addresses dehydration, pain, and monitoring for complications.